Research in Education

Citations generated by databases such as Google Scholar, ERIC, and Education Full Text do not include a direct object identifier (DOI). However, APA citations generated by the library discovery system OneSearch now include the DOI. 

Example #1
Ross, K. M., & Tolan, P. (2018). Social and emotional learning in adolescence: Testing the CASEL model in a normative sample. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 38(8), 1170-1199.
   

1. To find a DOI for the Ross & Tolan article use OneSearch:
    
2. Paste part or all of the title "Social and emotional learning in adolescence" into OneSearch on the library website.
    
3. Open the entry for this article (click on the title)
4. Click on the "citation" icon       
5. Then click on the APA option and the citation generated will have a DOI web address

* Note - While the APA (6th) generator will (on occasion) generate satisfactory APA 7 citations it may be wise to also consult the APA section of this website for additional guidance.

Example #2 (articles not owned by UNI Rod Library) 
The following article is only available via interlibrary loan - yet you can still use the APA citation generator in OneSearch to obtain the DOI - 

Gilboy, M. B., Heinerichs, S., & Pazzaglia, G. (2015). Enhancing student engagement using the flipped classroom. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 47(1), 109-114.
   

1. To find a DOI for the Ross & Tolan article use OneSearch:
    
2. Paste the title "Enhancing student engagement using the flipped classroom." into OneSearch on the library website.
    
3. However, even though a newsletter review of this article will appear, because this article is not owned by Rod Library, no journal article entry will appear (at first).
    
4. To make this journal article entry appear click on the option "Expand My Results" found on the right-hand side of the results page 
    
5. Open the entry for this article (click on the title)
6. Click on the "citation" icon       
7. Then click on the APA option and the citation generated will have a DOI web address

* Note - While the APA (6th) generator will (on occasion) generate satisfactory APA 7 citations this particular citation should have the majority of the article title in lower case: Enhancing student engagement using the flipped classroom. See the APA section of this website for additional guidance.

Finding the DOI with Crossref

For journals with Direct Object Identifiers you place the DOI at the end of the citation.

APA recommends that the DOI should be in the form https://doi.org/10.1037/arc0000014

Since few citation generators provide the DOI (or at least the DOI in this format) you should copy the title of the article and paste it in a Crossref search - https://search.crossref.org/

If Crossref contains the article you will find the DOI at the bottom of the entry for that article.

So for the article:

Reppy, D., & Larwin, K. H. (2020). The association between perception of caring and intrinsic motivation: A study of urban middle school students. Journal of Education, 200(1), 48-61. 

We need to find the DOI for this article.

So take the title “The association between perception of caring and intrinsic motivation: A study of urban middle school students” … and plug this into Crossref.

The DOI found there is https://doi.org/10.1177/0022057419875123

So place DOI at the end of the article as follows:

Reppy, D., & Larwin, K. H. (2020). The association between perception of caring and intrinsic motivation: A study of urban middle school students. Journal of Education, 200(1), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022057419875123

What about a journal article that DOESN’T have a DOI?

If you check your article for a DOI in Crossref and it doesn’t appear than you’ll need to use the web address (URL) that is associated with the article (note APA 7 no longer requires the words "Retrieved from" to precede a non-DOI URL).   

Suppose you want to place the following article in your “References.”

Tarc, P., & Beatty, L. (2012). The emergence of the International Baccalaureate diploma in Ontario: Diffusion, pilot study and prospective research. Canadian Journal of Education, 35(4).

A search of “The emergence of the International Baccalaureate diploma in Ontario: Diffusion, pilot study and prospective research.” in Crossref does not yield a DOI. So instead you should search for this title in Google Scholar which indicates this article is available via JSTOR at …

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/canajeducrevucan.35.4.341.pdf?acceptTC=true&coverpage=false&casa_token=Zbn7TCBmz8UAAAAA:MyLNfy72auHvOJMfzyB7-V31tfu2ZL83J1IIPY3pFxL9Hlvq6UwfvY-yri13a1I15jJkUE_CRqu-m9y2xeUCL7sLUTyosAlg_sjZoHO4ft0o3RVB59A

APA 7th now permits shortening of URLs so the first part of the URL - https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/canajeducrevucan.35.4.341.pdf - which also points to the citation for this article could be used instead. 

So the final citation should be:

Tarc, P., & Beatty, L. (2012). The emergence of the International Baccalaureate diploma in Ontario: Diffusion, pilot study and prospective research. Canadian Journal of Education, 35(4). https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/canajeducrevucan.35.4.341.pdf